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Grade 91钢抗蠕变性能的计算热力学研究 Article

Andrew Smith, Mohammad Asadikiya, Mei Yang, Jiuhua Chen, Yu Zhong

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第6期页码 644-652 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.004

摘要：

本研究旨在了解在焊接Grade 91（Gr.91）钢时，热影响区（HAZ）内不同的临界温度与第二相的稳定性之间的关系。IV型开裂出现在Gr.91钢的焊接热影响区。先前的研究表明，Gr.91钢的开裂失效与其抗蠕变性能有关，而Gr.91钢中第二相的稳定性对其抗蠕变性能有着举足轻重的影响。本研究运用计算热力学方法预测了Gr.91钢中的第二相，即M₂₃C₆相、MX相和Z相的稳定性。平衡凝固和Scheil凝固模拟方法分别被用于研究Gr.91钢在焊接过程中的相稳定性。本研究的模拟结果解释了Gr.91钢抗蠕变性能的影响机理，并为如何通过优化钢的成分、焊接和热处理工艺参数提高钢的高温抗蠕变性能提供了一种可行的解决方案。

关键词： Grade 91钢抗蠕变性能铁素体-马素体钢焊缝组织计算热力学第二相合金成分

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基于PFM的B级钢侧架耐久性分析

李伟,李强,王平

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 56-61

摘要：

基于概率断裂力学对B级钢货车侧架的圆角细节进行了模拟耐久性试验研究，提出了一种新的通用当量初始缺陷尺寸分布的计算方法，建立了裂纹超越概率模型

关键词：耐久性疲劳 B级钢裂纹

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高钢级钢管和高压输送：我国油气输送管道的重大技术进步

李鹤林,吉玲康,田伟

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第5期页码 84-90

摘要：

近年来，我国管道企业和相关科研院所联合攻关，取得了一批关键技术成果，这些成果包括：研制了X70，X80钢级高性能管线钢及焊管、管件；突破国际上螺旋缝埋弧焊管的使用禁区

关键词：油气管道管线钢螺旋缝埋弧焊管止裂韧性基于应变的设计

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Improved CO

Mahboube Ghahramaninezhad, Fatemeh Mohajer, Mahdi Niknam Shahrak

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 425-435 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1873-5

摘要： Post-synthetic functionalization or modification has been regarded as a promising strategy to treat surfaces of adsorbents for their applications in targeted adsorption and separation processes. In this work, a novel microporous adsorbent for carbon capturing was developed via functionalization of zeolitic imidazolate framework-91 (ZIF-91) to generate a hard/hard (metal-oxygen) structure named as lithium-modified ZIF-91 (ZIF-91-OLi compound). To this purpose, the ZIF-91 compound as an intermediate product was achieved by reduction of ZIF-90 in the presence of NaBH as a good reducing agent. Afterwards, acidic hydrogen atoms in the hydroxyl groups of ZIF-91 were exchanged with lithium cations via reaction of -BuLi compound as an organo lithium agent through an appropriate procedure. In particular, the as-synthesized ZIF-91-OLi operated as an excellent electron-rich center for CO adsorption through trapping the positive carbon centers in the CO molecule. DFT calculations revealed that the presence of lithium over the surface of ZIF-91-OLi adsorbent plays an effective role in double enhancement of CO storage via creating a strong negative charge center at the oxygen atoms of the imidazolate linker as a result of the lithium/hydrogen exchange system. Finally, the selectivity of CO /N was investigated at different temperatures, revealing the ZIF-91-OLi as a selective adsorbent for industrial application.

关键词： hard/hard structure acidic hydrogen ZIF-91 carbon capture ZIF-91-OLi

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Application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) to the guideline

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 590-594 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0537-4

摘要：

Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) offers a worldwide approach to guideline development for clinical practice. For the clinical practice of acupuncture therapy, 18 evidence-based guidelines have been developed in China using GRADE. In this study, we review the advantages and limitations of the GRADE approach in the guideline development for acupuncture and moxibustion and propose some solutions to these limitations. Scientific advantages of rating the quality of evidence, outcome-centric direction, overall progression to develop recommendations, and strength of recommendations providing specific clinical guidance are the advantages of GRADE. The limitations of GRADE in the development of guidelines for acupuncture and moxibustion include rating the quality of evidence for ancient literature and literature on famous traditional Chinese medicine experts’ experiences and specific guidelines for formulating recommendations from evidence. In the guideline development for clinical practice with acupuncture and moxibustion, we suggest that a specific method should be explored based on the GRADE approach and the characteristics of acupuncture therapy.

关键词： guideline acupuncture GRADE

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Development of combined transitional pavement structure for urban tram track-road grade crossings

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》页码 1199-1210 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0949-y

摘要： The grade crossings and adjacent pavements of urban trams are generally subjected to complex load conditions and are susceptible to damage. Therefore, in this study, a novel pavement structure between tram tracks and roads constructed using polyurethane (PU) elastic concrete and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), referred to as a track-road transitional pavement (TRTP), is proposed. Subsequently, its performance and feasibility are evaluated using experimental and numerical methods. First, the mechanical properties of the PU elastic concrete are evaluated. The performance of the proposed structure is investigated using a three-dimensional finite element model, where vehicle-induced dynamic and static loads are considered. The results show that PU elastic concrete and the proposed combined TRTP are applicable and functioned as intended. Additionally, the PU elastic concrete achieved sufficient performance. The recommended width of the TRTP is approximately 50 mm. Meanwhile, the application of UHPC under a PU elastic concrete layer significantly reduces vertical deformation. Results of numerical calculations confirmed the high structural performance and feasibility of the proposed TRTP. Finally, material performance standards are recommended to provide guidance for pavement design and the construction of tram-grade crossings in the future.

关键词： urban tram track grade crossing combined track-road transitional pavement polyurethane elastic concrete finite element method

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Triage for management of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion patients with positive margin

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 223-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0517-8

摘要：

The objective of this study is to guide a triage for the management of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) patients with positive margin by conization. Clinico-pathological data of HSIL patients with positive margin by conization were retrospectively collected from January 2009 to December 2014. All patients underwent secondary conization or hysterectomy within 6 months. The rate of residual lesion was calculated, and the factors associated with residual lesion were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Among a total of 119 patients, 56 (47.06%) patients presented residual HSIL in their subsequent surgical specimens, including 4 cases of invasive cervical carcinoma (3 stage IA1 and 1 stage IA2 patients). Univariate analysis showed that patient age>35 years (P=0.005), menopausal period>5 years (P=0.0035), and multiple-quadrant involvement (P=0.001) were significantly correlated with residual disease; however, multivariate analysis revealed that multiple-quadrant involvement (P=0.001; OR, 3.701; 95%CI, 1.496–9.154) was an independent risk factor for residual disease. Nearly half of HSIL patients with positive margin by conization were disease-free in subsequent surgical specimens, and those with multiple positive margins may consider re-conization or re-assessment.

关键词： cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion conization positive surgical margin hysterectomy

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Silver-catalyzed bioleaching for raw low-grade copper sulphide ores

Tianlong DENG, Yafei GUO, Mengxia LIAO, Dongchan LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 250-254 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0049-0

摘要： This research was conducted to investigate the biooxidation and copper dissolution from raw low-grade refractory copper sulphide ores located in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China using adapted bacteria. In order to accelerate the bioleaching rate, the adapted mixed bacteria and silver ion catalyst were tested in the leach columns at laboratory scale. The overall acid consumption was 4.3 kg sulphuric acid per kg of dissolved copper and was linearly related to the percent copper dissolution. The calculated copper dissolution rates obey the Shrinking Core Model. The relative activation energy of the whole biooxidative leaching stages was calculated to be 48.58 kJ/mol.

关键词： green process biohydrometallurgy bioleaching reaction kinetics sulphide ores

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基于五品联动理论的品位效益优化决策研究

邵安林

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第2期页码 68-72

摘要：

本文以五品联动理论为研究背景，考虑到矿山工程中地质工程、采矿工程、配矿工程、选矿工程和冶炼工程5 个工程是相互联系的串联耦合工程，是矿山企业活动的主体，而与其相对应的地质品位、采出品位、入选品位、精矿品位和入炉品位对于矿山整体经济效益起到关键的控制作用。本文运用并拓展了“质量守恒”原理，利用“矿量守恒”和“金属量守恒”建立了品位经济效益模型，提出了五品联动品位—效益活跃指数，通过实例计算与分析，获得了某铁矿的品位优化数值，为进一步研究矿山企业工程管理模式奠定了基础。

关键词：五品联动品位—效益活跃指数优化决策矿冶工程

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中国钢桥

潘际炎

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第7期页码 18-26

摘要：

介绍了我国钢桥的发展及国内外的钢桥比较；论述了建造钢桥的钢材及其要求的化学成分和物理力学性能。

关键词：中国钢桥钢材钢桥设计钢桥结构

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宝钢纯净钢生产技术的进步

崔健,郑贻裕,朱立新

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第6期页码 21-26

摘要：

论述了钢中碳、氮、氧、磷、硫以及夹杂物控制方面的技术进步，讨论了IF钢、管线钢所达到的纯净度纵使水平。

关键词：宝钢纯净钢 IF钢管线钢炼钢

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热轧双相钢的发展现状及高强热轧双相钢的开发

袁国,利成宁,孙丹丹,康健,王国栋

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第2期页码 39-45

摘要：

介绍了热轧双相钢的发展现状及存在问题，指出低成本热轧双相钢、高延伸凸缘型铁素体+贝氏体热轧双相钢（F-B热轧双相钢）及高强度热轧双相钢的开发及应用，将促进我国热轧双相钢的发展，推动汽车工业的&ldquo同时，探讨了纳米析出强化型热轧双相钢的强化机理及工艺控制原理，并在实验室进行了中试，开发出铁素体基体析出强化型的热轧双相钢，其抗拉强度达770~830 MPa，屈强比＜0.75，组织为铁素体+马氏体，且铁素体基体中存在大量细小的纳米级尺寸的

关键词：热轧双相钢低成本 F-B双相钢析出强化 TiC 高强钢

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非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵的热稳定性评估

汪旭光,沈立晋

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第11期页码 53-57

摘要：

绍了一种测试含能材料热稳定性的新方法——加速度量热仪，并用此法研究了硝酸铵和非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵的热分解过程，得到了绝热分解温度与压力随时间的变化、自加热速率与分解压力随温度的变化曲线，计算了分解动力学参数表观活化能和指前因子，讨论了放热反应系统的热惰性因子对测试结果的影响，表明非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵具有良好的热稳定性、安全性及其热稳定性的提高是爆炸特性得以消除的原因。

关键词：农用硝酸铵非爆炸性不可还原性加速度量热仪热稳定性

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Study of bond strength between various grade of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Portland Pozzolane

A D POFALE, S P WANJARI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 39-45 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0193-y

摘要： Since last two decades, the Portland Pozzolane Cement (PPC) is extensively used in structural concrete. But, till to date, a few literature is available on bond strength of concrete using PPC mixes. There are many literatures available on bond strength of concrete mixes using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Hence, a comparative study was conducted on bond strength between OPC and PPC mixes. In the present investigation, total 24 samples consisting of M20, M35 and M50 grades of concrete and 16 and 25 mm diameter of TMT bar were tested for 7 and 28 days. The pullout bond test was conducted on each specimen as per IS: 2770-1967/1997 [1] and the results were observed at 0.25 mm slip at loaded end called as critical bond stress and at maximum bond load called as maximum bond stress. It was observed that the critical bond strength of PPC mixes is 10% higher than OPC mixes. Whereas, marginal improvement was noticed in maximum bond strength of PPC mixes. Hence, based on these findings, it could be concluded that development length for PPC mixes could be reduced by 10% as compared with same grade of OPC mixes.

关键词： bond strength Portland Pozzolane Cement (PPC) concrete Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete bond between concrete and steel pullout test development length

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含磷低硅TRIP 钢快速退火组织演变行为研究

陈蓬,沈春豫,许云波,王国栋

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第1期页码 48-53

摘要：

通过实验室热处理模拟实验，对含磷低硅transformation induced plasticity（TRIP）钢快速退火过程中各个阶段的组织演变行为进行研究，主要研究了不同退火温度对各个阶段组织组成的影响通过添加P元素降低钢中的Si 含量，可改善表面质量，解决镀锌问题，且P 价格低廉，成本降低。结果表明：最终组织中的铁素体量降低，贝氏体和马氏体混合物的量增加。

关键词：汽车钢 TRIP钢低硅快速退火组织演变